Astrologers and supporters of astrology have proposed theories that link solar activity and planetary solar tides with human experience, often without rigorous astrophysical evidence to advance astrological techniques. However, many climate scientists recognise that Venus, Earth, Jupiter and Saturn are solar tidally dominant planets and that Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune exert potent gravitational forces and orbital torque that modulate the Sun’s motion around the solar system barycentre (SSB). These dynamics produce solar activity frequency bands that appear in 14C and 10Be cosmogenic isotope records extracted from trees, sediment, and ice cores, which are used to link solar activity with climate variability and geological events. This paper analyses the Venus-Earth-Jupiter-Saturn planetary system’s gravitational angular alignments, tides, synodic periods, and the four gas giants’ gravitational and orbital torque effects on the Sun and solar dynamo. We demonstrate how the Venus-Earth-Jupiter-Saturn system produces angular alignments matching sunspot/solar cycle periodicities which correspond with astrological aspects of the conjunction (0°), vigintile (18°), semi-sextile (30°), semi-square (45°), square (90°), quintile (72°), trine (120°), sesquiquadrate (135°), biquintile (144°) and opposition (180°). We also define planet and aspect strengths based on planetary gravitational fields, the gas giants’ orbital angular momentum, and the minimum and maximum phases of the solar cycle. A separate paper will address the complex underlying solar and planetary magnetic processes and mechanisms of the Venus-Earth-Jupiter-Saturn planetary system.